On 20 February 2023 Russia conducted the second test launch of the Sarmat ICBM. The test, however, was unsuccessful, reportedly because of the failure of the second stage of the missile. US sources confirmed the failure and reported that Russia notified the United States about the test in advance.

The launch window for the test was set between 15 and 25 February 2023.

The first flight test of the Sarmat ICBM took place in April 2022.