In March 2012 New START data exchange Russia reported 494 deployed launchers with 1492 nuclear warheads.

The Strategic Rocket Forces were estimated to have 332 operational missile systems that include missiles that can carry 1092 warheads. These include 55 R-36M2 (SS-18) missiles, 35 UR-100NUTTH (SS-19) missiles, 150 road-mobile Topol (SS-25) systems, 56 silo-based and 18 road-mobile Topol-M (SS-27) systems, and 18 RS-24 missiles.

The Russian strategic fleet includes 11 operational strategic missile submarines, whose missiles can carry 336 nuclear warheads. Bases of the Northern Fleet host six 667BDRM (Delta IV) submarines - three operational submarines carried 48 R-29RM (SS-N-23) launchers. The only remaining Pacific Fleet base hosts three 667BDR (Delta III) submarines, which carry 48 R-29R (SS-N-18) missiles. The Russian strategic aviation consists of 66 bombers that carry an estimated 200 long-range cruise missiles and bombs. The bombers are 11 Tu-160 (Blackjack) and 55 Tu-95MS (Bear H). The bombers can carry various modifications of the Kh-55 (AS-15) cruise missile and gravity bombs. As of November 2012, the space-based tier of the early warning system includes three operational satellites on highly elliptical orbits and one geostationary satellite. The constellation cannot maintain 24-hour coverage of the U.S. territory.